The last post: Meaning of the Letters to the Seven Churches in Revelation Part 2 ( December 17th, 2024) covered the second church, the Church of Smyrna. The third church is the church of Pergamum.
In Revelation 2:12, we read about one of the seven churches, “the church in Pergamum …where Satan’s throne is.” The ancient city of Pergamum with the altar of Zeus, was the center of pagan worship in Asia Minor. Of significance, the altar was excavated and taken stone by stone to Berlin where it was reassembled in its own museum.

Albert Speer, was commissioned by the new chancellor, Adolf Hitler, to design the parade grounds for the party rallies in Nuremberg. Speer turned to the Pergamon Altar for inspiration. Using the altar as a model, Speer created a colossal grandstand, known as the Zeppelin tribune. In the following years’ mass rallies were held there. From the altar’s podium, Hitler mesmerized the crowds as they swore a “holy oath” to Germany. It was also in Nuremberg that Hitler used the phrase Final Solution for the first time in public. Hitler’s Final Solution is known as the Holocaust, a word that comes from a Greek word meaning “a wholly burnt animal sacrifice.” On the ancient Altar of Zeus in Pergamom, burnt sacrifice was practiced. Centuries later in Germany’s Nuremberg, in the redesigned Pergamon Altar, Hitler announced his Final Solution to the world and this time, the burnt sacrifice was six million Jews.
Since the 1990s, Turkey has been conducting an intensive diplomatic effort for the return of the altar, which belongs to the Anatolian territory. Recently, Berlin’s official in charge of anti-discrimination efforts, Saraya Gomis, has suggested the return of the Pergamon Altar to Türkiye. Could it play a role in the Antichrist’s rule?
The Third Year of the 70th Week will begin the improper, seemingly-forced “marriage” of many churchgoers to the Antichrist. As food becomes scarce, many will take the Mark of the Beast and suffer eternal condemnation, rather than trust God, because the threat of starvation will surround them.
One meaning for the name Pergamum: “all-surrounding marriage” (Gk: PERI meaning “around or all-surrounding” and GAMOS meaning marriage). This will be the situation facing Christians in the third year being forced to take the mark of the Beast.
ATTRIBUTES OF JESUS: In the Letter to Pergamum, Jesus is described this way, “The One who has the sharp two-edged sword says this“. In the Second Year, the rider of the Red Horse is given a “great sword.” In the Third Year, Jesus counters with his two edged sword.
“Let us therefore strive to enter that rest, so that no one may fall by the same sort of disobedience. For the word of God is living and active, sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing to the division of soul and of spirit, of joints and of marrow, and discerning the thoughts and intentions of the heart. And no creature is hidden from his sight, but all are naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must give account.” Hebrews 4:12-13
Most people who have been around the church for a while know the verse which refers to the two-edged sword. Most don’t know the context. As the passage progresses, it says that we are to be diligent to enter that rest. There is a risk of falling away if we follow the example of disobedience the Jews charted after Joshua’s day. It is into this context that God’s Word is compared to a two-edged sword. It seems this verse is the reference Jesus wants us to consider in the Letter to the church of Pergamum, in the third year of tribulation.
He wants His Word to lay our intentions bare when faced with the choice of taking the Mark of the Beast. He does not want us to enter into an “improper marriage.” Ultimately, it is this sword that comes out of Jesus’s mouth (the Word of God), which will strike down the nations:
“From His mouth comes a sharp sword, so that with it He may strike down the nations, and He will rule them with a rod of iron; and He treads the wine press of the fierce wrath of God, the Almighty.” Revelation 19:15
Jesus also wants us to remember that Satan may appear to be winning, but He alone will ultimately triumph. The Mark of the Beast may provide a few morsels of food, but little else in this life, but eternal condemnation by God at the second resurrection. It can’t be emphasized enough, NEVER take the Mark of the Beast.
CONDITION OF THE CHURCH OF PERGAMUM: We can see from what Jesus writes to the Church of Pergamum that the persecutions have already begun in the Third Year:
“I know where you dwell, where Satan’s throne is; and you hold fast my name, and did not deny my faith even in the days of Antipas, my witness, my faithful one, who was killed among you, where Satan dwells.” Revelation 2:13
Around the time that Revelation was recorded by John, Antipas, the Bishop of Pergamum, was martyred. This cemented the satanic reputation of the city and some accounts have it, that he was killed on the altar of Zeus.
In year two of the 70th Week (the Letter to Smyrna), we saw that imprisonment of Christians would begin that year and that the imprisonments would eventually lead to death. Now in Year Three we see that martyrdom has begun. The name “Antipas” means “in place of all.” His martyrdom is a symbol of what is to come.
In the Letter to Pergamum, Jesus is also telling us that he sympathizes with us. He knows the tribulation Christians will be facing in those days, and he is pleased with the faith of those who stand fast. In the next verses, he also reveals that this is the time when some churchgoers, faced with the choice of taking the Mark of the Beast, will commit apostasy. He also shows that for some who have not taken the Mark, there is still time to repent:
“There some who hold the teaching of Balaam, who kept teaching Balak to put a stumbling block before the sons of Israel, to eat things sacrificed to idols and to commit acts of immorality. So you also have some who in the same way hold the teaching of the Nicolaitans. Therefore repent.” Revelation 2:14-16
Notice that Jesus uses names we have seen earlier: Balaam and the Nicolaitans. Balaam is a foreshadow of the False Prophet and the Nicolaitans are a symbolic word for followers of the Antichrist (Muslims). The sins that are listed: eating food sacrificed to idols and sexual immorality, are indicative of the Third Year.
This verse is talking about food, but the sacrifice isn’t the sacrifice of bulls and goats, rather it is the sacrifice of churchgoers’ souls to Satan. By taking the Mark of the Beast these churchgoers will be allowed to buy and sell, and thus eat. They will lose their salvation, however—-a terrible deal. This is especially true given the promise Jesus gives at the end of the Letter to Pergamum: To him who overcomes, to him I will give some of the hidden manna. Obviously, this speaks of some kind of provision: spiritual, physical, or both.
THE WHITE STONE: The symbol of a white stone at the end of the Letter to Pergamum has baffled commentators. The one I like best makes complete sense and is the only one that is directly connected to Pergamum. Ray Vander Laan of That The World May Know video series has shown that white stones with names on them still line the Sacred Way in Pergamum, a mile long road leading to the shrine of Asclepius, the god of healing. After a person was supposedly healed by this god, they inscribed their name on one of these stones. In my opinion, Jesus is saying that there will be a sacred way in the Kingdom lined with white stones of those He eternally heals. The aspect of a “new name” is intriguing. God gave Abram a new name: Abraham. He renamed Sarai: Sarah. He renamed a man named Hosea and called him Joshua. In Isaiah 62:2 he tells the city of Jerusalem that he will rename it. In Revelation 19:12 we learn Jesus has a name written on him that no one else knows. This last example is almost a direct quote from Revelation 2:17. When God changes someone, he renames him. I think these names inscribed on the white stones will be our new names, our new names that announce Jesus’s victory.
In the next post, we will look at the church of Thyatira, the fifth church, in the fifth year of Daniel’s 70th week. Related to the fourth letter, the Letter to Thyatira, commentators are uncertain as to the meaning of the name Thyatira. Some have proposed that it is a Turkish word, not Greek. The Turkish equivalent of “Thyatira” means “graveyard on a hill.” If this is the correct meaning, it fits perfectly with the Fourth Year of the 70th Week of Daniel—-the year the Green Horse rides, signifying death.

It is fascinating that the colours of the horses of the apocalypse are WHITE, BLACK, RED, and GREEN. It is no coincidence that the following Muslim countries flags are those colours: Palestine, Syria, Iraq, UAE, Kuwait, Libya, Sudan, Western Sahara, Jordan, and Afghanistan. Iran has three of the colours, white, red, and green. Turkey has two of the colours, white and red.






